This book explores the double coding property of DNA, which is manifested in the digital and analog information types as two interdependent codes. This double coding principle can be applied to all living systems, from the level of the individual cell to entire social systems, seen as systems of communication. Further topics discussed include the ubiquitous problem of logical typing, which refl…
This book explains the relationships between equality and efficiency, as well as between government and market, in urban-rural and regional development by providing theoretical frameworks and empirical evidence. Urban-rural development in China is understood from a regional perspective, while the core issue of urban-rural and regional development is cross-regional resource reallocation driven b…
In 1829, botany had much to prove. A prominent lecturer, John Lindley, noted that 'it has been very much the fashion of late years, in this country, to undervalue the importance of this science, and to consider it an amusement for ladies rather than an occupation for the serious thoughts of man'. In the three documents reissued here, Cambridge botany professor John Stevens Henslow (1796–1861)…
This book focuses on the current clinical practice, outcome and the future development of Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) in surgical settings. A major objective of this work is to address “What is the optimal design and fixation of the implants we use for knee arthroplasty reconstruction? What are the gold standards? and, Can we do better?”. In an attempt to throw light on these questions, t…
In its 1500-year history, the English language has seen dramatic grammatical changes. This book offers a comprehensive and reader-friendly account of the major developments, including changes in word order, the noun phrase and verb phrase, changing relations between clausal constituents and the development of new subordinate constructions. The book puts forward possible explanations for change,…
Translated from the popular French edition, the goal of the book is to provide a self-contained introduction to mean topological dimension, an invariant of dynamical systems introduced in 1999 by Misha Gromov. The book examines how this invariant was successfully used by Elon Lindenstrauss and Benjamin Weiss to answer a long-standing open question about embeddings of minimal dynamical systems i…
This direct, accessible guide uses a human rights perspective to define effectiveness in aid delivery and offer a robust framework for creating sustainable health programs and projects and assessing their progress. Geared toward hands-on professionals in such critical areas as food aid, maternal health, and disease control, it lays out challenges and solutions related to funding, planning, and …
This book analyzes how climate change adaptation can be implemented at the community, regional and national level. Featuring a variety of case studies, it illustrates strategies, initiatives and projects currently being implemented across the world. In addition to the challenges faced by communities, cities and regions seeking to cope with climate change phenomena like floods, droughts and othe…
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Foundations and Practice of Security, FPS 2014, held in Montreal, QC, Canada, in November 2014. The 18 revised full papers presented together with 5 short papers and 2 position papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on privacy; software se…
By outlining encapsulation and evolving decision-making principles, Foundations & Principles of Distributed Manufacturing fully conceptualizes the view of manufacturing networks as sets of loosely coupled interacting smart factory objects. Moreover, the book provides concrete approaches to a number of future fields, where distributed manufacturing might be applied. Both researchers and professi…