Sel limfosit T CD4⁺ memegang peran sentral dalam pertahanan inang terhadap infeksi bakteri, parasit, dan virus. Selama proses infeksi, di bawah pengaruh sinyal intrinsik melalui interaksi reseptor sel T (TCR)–peptida-MHC serta sinyal ekstrinsik yang dikirimkan oleh sel penyaji antigen, sel T CD4⁺ berproliferasi dan berdiferensiasi menjadi sel T penolong (Th) efektor yang terspesialisasi, …
The rapid development of new information and communication technologies has changed people’s everyday life and consumption patterns significantly. The worldwide spread of those technologies provides many innovations for consumers, but it can also bear risks, such as the indiscriminate collection, storage and cross-border flow of personal data, illegal spying on Internet activities, disseminat…
The rapid development of new information and communication technologies has changed people’s everyday life and consumption patterns significantly. The worldwide spread of those technologies provides many innovations for consumers, but it can also bear risks, such as the indiscriminate collection, storage and cross-border flow of personal data, illegal spying on Internet activities, disseminat…
Edisi Khusus tentang "Penangkapan, Pemanfaatan, dan Penyimpanan Karbon Dioksida (CCUS)" ini menampilkan artikel yang diundang tentang teknologi dan perkembangan terbaru dalam CCUS, termasuk namun tidak terbatas pada penangkapan karbon sebelum pembakaran; penangkapan karbon pasca pembakaran; pembakaran oxyfuel atau siklus kimia; konversi CO2 menjadi bahan bakar sintetis; termal biomassa konversi…
Tumbuhan secara berkala melepaskan lebih dari 90% produksi biomassanya dalam bentuk serasah di atas dan di bawah tanah, meliputi daun, ranting, bunga, batang kayu, akar, dan jaringan lainnya. Proses ini merupakan salah satu proses biogeokimia kunci dalam pemindahan karbon dan unsur hara dari tumbuhan kembali ke dalam tanah di hutan menjadi sumber terpenting pembentukan bahan organik tanah dan s…
Old adults undertake multiple reduced cognitive abilities in aging, which are accompanied with specific brain reorganization in forms of regional brain activity and brain tissues, inter-region connectivity, and topology of whole brain networks in both function and structure. The plasticity changes of brain activities in old adults are explained by the mechanisms of compensation and dedifferenti…
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researcher…
The Ningaloo coast of north-western Australia (eastern Indian Ocean) hosts one of the world’s longest and most extensive fringing coral reef systems, along with globally-significant abundances of large marine fauna such as whale sharks. These characteristics — which have contributed to its inscription on the World Heritage list — exist because of the unique climatic, geomorphologic and oc…
eBook ini merupakan kumpulan artikel dari Topik Penelitian Frontiers. Topik Penelitian Frontiers adalah merek dagang yang sangat populer dari Seri Jurnal Frontiers: mereka adalah kumpulan dari setidaknya sepuluh artikel, semuanya berpusat pada subjek tertentu. Dengan perpaduan unik dari beragam kontribusi dari Penelitian Asli hingga Artikel Ulasan, Topik Penelitian Frontiers menyatukan para pen…
This open access book brings together oral histories that record the experiences of individuals with intellectual disabilities in Shanghai as they participate in their careers. Employees with intellectual disabilities describe their experiences seeking, attaining, and maintaining employment. Their managers, colleagues, and family members also provide keen insight into the challenges and opportu…