The three-part work provides a first synthetic account of the history of the Polish intelligentsia from the days of its formation to World War I. Part one (1750-1831) traces the formation of the intelligentsia as a social class in the epoch of Enlightenment. It stresses the importance of the birth of bureaucratic institutions that created the demand for the educated stratum. It analyses the res…
Despite the potential of digital technologies to contribute to the enhancement of access to quality education and the development of lifelong learning competencies, many knowledge gaps remain in how, for whom and in what contexts digital technologies actually do contribute to improved, equitable educational outcomes. More research is needed that creates and tests ‘proven models’ of digital …
Birth and death are both profound life transitions, revealing deeply existential, social, and spiritual questions in addition to various forms of ritual and ritualizing. While birth and death are often seen as opposites, this edited volume shows that the start and end of life share many ambiguities. They represent a beginning and an end, and lead to ritualizing as well as embodied forms of spir…
The final chapter brings to the scene the European Union whose influence in shaping the post-Yugoslav citizenship regimes and the lives of their citizens is highly significant. Today the region is divided into the EU members and the potential candidates for membership. When it comes to the EU’s role in influencing, shaping, defining and re-defining the citizenship regimes in the post-Yugoslav…
The average person can name more bird species than they think, but do we really know what a bird "species" is? This open access book takes up several fascinating aspects of bird life to elucidate this basic concept in biology. From genetic and physiological basics to the phenomena of bird song and bird migration, it analyzes various interactions of birds - with their environment and other birds…
The average person can name more bird species than they think, but do we really know what a bird "species" is? This open access book takes up several fascinating aspects of bird life to elucidate this basic concept in biology. From genetic and physiological basics to the phenomena of bird song and bird migration, it analyzes various interactions of birds - with their environment and other birds…
In an attempt to standardize elements of the station routine, the book describes the procedures used in passerine and wader ringing stations. It offers a comparative analysis of versatile evaluation techniques such as measurements, orientation experiments and monitoring. The authors meticulously analyze different methods used to track birds, including catching passerines with mist-nets in land …
Biped robots represent a very interesting research subject, with several particularities and scope topics, such as: mechanical design, gait simulation, patterns generation, kinematics, dynamics, equilibrium, stability, kinds of control, adaptability, biomechanics, cybernetics, and rehabilitation technologies. We have diverse problems related to these topics, making the study of biped robots a v…
This book focuses on applied technologies on biowaste treatment with the aim to minimize its environmental impact and to recover resources in the form of energy, nutrients, and other valuable products. As a result of this, the book has collected the latest research on mature, conventional, and innovative technologies used to address the challenging issues with the treatment and valorization of …
Throughout their life, plants interact with all sorts of microbes. Some of these are detrimental and cause disease; some interactions are mutually beneficial for both partners. It is clear that most, if not all, of the interactions are regulated by highly complex checks and balances sustained by signalling and exchange of messengers and nutrients. The interactions where both partners are alive …