In operational research (OR), practitioners model and analyse real-world issues, and support organizational and policy decision-making. Traditionally, they use quantitative methods, such as optimization, simulation, and statistical analysis. Many also use participative, qualitative modelling methodologies known as problem structuring methods (PSMs), which are particularly suitable for wicked pr…
This chapter reviews existing studies showing how statutory parenting leave policies impact labour market outcomes, involvement in unpaid family work, and beliefs and norms about the gender division of work. As parenting leave policies have been introduced at a growing pace across the world over the past three decades and have increasingly been evaluated more systematically since the 2000s, we …
The main purpose of transportation is connecting people to destinations they value. This seemingly banal statement would, if taken seriously in policymaking, upend transportation and land use planning. Today, planning agencies rely on key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure outcomes. While ostensibly neutral and technical, these measurements in fact imply policy judgments and drive legal c…
The chapter proposes a roadmap for studying the impact of digital technology and artificial intelligence on the presence and meaning of human faces in contemporary cities, with specific attention to the cultural, social and economic role of automatic facial identification and recognition, facial big data and the possibility to generate photo-realistic images of human faces through generative ad…
This volume aims to foster interaction between scholars in the subfields of Islamic and Buddhist studies by increasing understanding of the circulation and localization of religious texts, institutional models, and ritual practices across Asia and beyond. Buddhist and Islamic Orders in Southern Asia scrutinizes religious orders (here referring to Sufi ?ar?qas and Buddhist monastic and other rit…
Here we present our analyses and inferences arising from the data in the cases, representing countries whose educational systems are diverse: Chile, Denmark, Germany, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Norway, England, the United States and Uzbekistan. The synthesis highlights patterns of similarities and differences in their curricula and instruction in writing. We identified themes under three broad dim…
This chapter uses a discourse-theoretical analysis to study two episodes of the documentary series Along the Borders of Turkey (2012), produced and broadcast by the Dutch public broadcaster VPRO. In 2017, the VPRO web team uploaded these episodes on YouTube, which allowed viewers to comment on these episodes. Supported by a theoretical reflection on the Europeanity discourse and its contingenci…
This paper opens up the relationship between vulnerability and the temporalities of care. It takes ‘care’ as not just a material practice that supports, manages and sustains vulnerable bodies, but as a temporal practice, one that produces time in situations that are otherwise felt to be stuck or ‘chronic’. It draws on some co-written anecdotes about the use of ‘watchful waiting’ by …
The brain requires vitamin C to metabolize fuel substrates and synthesize neurotransmitters, regulate their release, and modify their actions. Vitamin C also protects the brain from oxidative damage. Clinical studies do not provide strong evidence that vitamin C deficiency directly impairs brain function but rather suggest that the fatigue, mood disturbance, and cognitive dysfunction sometimes …
The chapter’s focus is social care in England where responsibility for the organisation and funding of care has shifted from the state to the individual. It draws on a qualitative research project about the experiences of older people who are paying for their social care