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Stochastic Dynamics of Crystal Defects
The state of a deformed crystal is highly heterogeneous, with plasticity localised
into linear and point defects such as dislocations, vacancies and interstitial clusters.
The motion of these defects dictate a crystal’s mechanical behaviour, but defect
dynamics are complicated and correlated by external applied stresses, internal
elastic interactions and the fundamentally stochastic influence of thermal vibrations.
This thesis is concerned with establishing a rigorous, modern theory of the
stochastic and dissipative forces on crystal defects, which remain poorly understood
despite their importance in any temperature-dependent micro-structural process
such as the ductile to brittle transition and irradiation damage.
From novel molecular dynamics simulations we parameterise an efficient, stochastic and discrete dislocation model that allows access to experimental time and
length scales. Simulated trajectories of thermally activated dislocation motion are in
excellent agreement with those measured experimentally.
Despite these successes in coarse graining, we find existing theories unable to
explain stochastic defect dynamics. To resolve this, we define crystal defects
through projection operators, without any recourse to elasticity. By rigorous
dimensional reduction we derive explicit analytical forms for the stochastic forces
acting on crystal defects, allowing new quantitative insight into the role of thermal
fluctuations in crystal plasticity.
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