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Agrobacterium biology and its application to transgenic plant production
The broad host range pathogenic bacterium
Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been widely studied
as a model system to understand horizontal gene
flow, secretion of effector proteins into host cells,
and plant-pathogen interactions. Agrobacterium mediated plant transformation also is the major
method for generating transgenic plants for research
and biotechnology purposes. Agrobacterium species
have the natural ability to conduct interkingdom
genetic transfer from bacteria to eukaryotes,
including most plant species, yeast, fungi, and even
animal cells. In nature, A. tumefaciens causes crown
gall disease resulting from expression in plants of
auxin and cytokinin biosynthesis genes encoded
by the transferred (T-) DNA
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