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Bile Duct Cancer
Malignant biliary obstruction is very difficult to treat; only 10–20% of the
patients are suitable for curative resections. Obstructive jaundice is associated with
a pro-inflammatory state, altering the normal physiology and affecting multiple
organ systems. So, patients with malignant obstructive jaundice are at increased
risk of postoperative complications. Nevertheless, the preoperative biliary drainage
(PBD) remains controversial, because the procedures themselves can be associated with septic and other complications
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