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Chapter 4 Federalism, devolution, and territorially-based cleavages in Africa…
Whether it is possible to ensure stability, peace and social cohesion in countries with deep societal divisions where identity prevails over other bases of mobilisation is one of the central political questions of our time. What type of institutional design suits deeply mobilised cleavages? This chapter discusses the different institutional approaches adopted in three federations of Africa to m…
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- 9781032207926
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Chapter 4 Exploring the environmental and social impact of informal market pr…
This chapter explores global apparel consumption and its dependence on production supply chains in low-income countries where unsustainable and informal market practices are rampant. Recent life cycle studies of garments show that over 80 percent of environmental impact stems from the production phase of apparel. Up to 80 percent of this production is outsourced to the informal sector in develo…
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- 978103212663
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Chapter 4 Evaluating electoral management performance the PROSeS framework
After a review of the rival approaches that are used to evaluate public sector performance in general, five dimensions of EMB performance are set out which are argued to be crucial for achieving democratic ideals in an electoral democracy. The aim is to set out these dimensions, and the sources of data that can be used by researchers to assess whether they are achieved. The UK and Canada are th…
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- 9781315545172
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Chapter 4 Ethics and access when consent must come first
Formalised procedures to obtain and document informed consent from research participants are at the heart of the shift from informal to formalised research ethics. Critiques claim that the requirements to obtain consent from all potential participants before the onset of a study will make it impossible to do ethnographic research and participant observation in institutional settings such as sch…
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- 9781138580251
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Chapter 4 Enhancing Gender-Responsive Financing in Africa A Sustainable Deve…
African women experience numerous barriers in society due to a lack of access to education, health, property rights, and economic tools for generating income and achieving prosperity. Moreover, within the current global financial system, African women entrepreneurs are limited by their lack of financial literacy, creditworthiness, and financial institutions’ restrictive criteria for investmen…
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- 9781032027609
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Chapter 4 Endemic Mycoses and Allergies Diseases of Social Change
In this book, we discuss the changing medical and public profile of fungal infections in the period 1850–2000. We consider four sets of diseases: ringworm and athlete’s foot (dermatophytosis); thrush or candidiasis (infection with Candida albicans); endemic, geographically specific infections in North America (coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis and histoplasmosis) and mycotoxins; and aspergi…
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Chapter 4 Encoding truths? Diagnosis-Related Groups and the fragility of the …
How does the market affect and redefine healthcare? The marketisation of Western healthcare systems has now proceeded well into its fourth decade. But the nature and meaning of the phenomenon has become increasingly opaque amidst changing discourses, policies and institutional structures. Moreover, ethics has become focussed on dealing with individual, clinical decisions and neglectful of the p…
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Challenges and Opportunities for the Renewable Energy Economy
Renewable energy deployment as an alternative to traditional energy sources is the cornerstone of the emission-reduction energy policies that aim to facilitate the transition to a low-carbon economy. This transition poses risks and opportunities for companies with business models that rely directly or indirectly on renewables, which will be reflected in the revaluation of assets and in the real…
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- 978-3-03936-474-9
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Challenges and Opportunities for Effective Cancer Immunotherapies
Anti-cancer immunotherapies have generated spectacular outcomes in the clinical environment and changed treatment schemes for cancer patients. Adoptive cell therapies (ACTs), including using autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, and checkpoint blockades have emerged as the most effective treatments for certain cancers. The current challenge for c…
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- 978-3036569604
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Challenges and New Trends in Power Electronic Devices Reliability
The rapid increase in new power electronic devices and converters for electric transportation and smart grid technologies requires a deep analysis of their component performances, considering all of the different environmental scenarios, overload conditions, and high stress operations. Therefore, evaluation of the reliability and availability of these devices becomes fundamental both from techn…
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- 978-3036511771
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