Pulsed lasers are lasers with a single laser pulse width of less than 0.25 s, operating only once in every certain time interval. Commonly used pulsed lasers are nanosecond, femtosecond, and picosecond lasers. A pulsed laser produces short pulses with a short interaction time with the material, which can largely avoid impact on the thermal movement of molecules and has a minimal thermal impact …
We are often told that the women’s movement of the 1960s and 1970s led to the rediscovery of forgotten women writers. Without feminist presses such as Virago, these women would have sunk into obscurity. Thanks to Carmen Callil and other trailblazing feminist publishers, a canon of women’s literature emerged, and living writers managed to survive and sometimes thrive in a literary marketplac…
This is an open access book. It gathers the proceedings of the 10th edition of Transport Research Arena (TRA 2024), held on 15-18 April, 2024, in Dublin, Ireland. Contributions cover a wide range of research findings, methodological aspects, technologies and policy issues that are currently reshaping the transport and mobility system in different parts of Europe. Bridging between academic rese…
This is an open access book. It gathers the proceedings of the 10th edition of Transport Research Arena (TRA 2024), held on 15-18 April, 2024, in Dublin, Ireland. Contributions cover a wide range of research findings, methodological aspects, technologies and policy issues that are currently reshaping the transport and mobility system in different parts of Europe. Bridging between academic rese…
In this open access book, Mikael Hård tells a story of how people around the world challenged the production techniques and products brought by globalization. Retaining their autonomy and freedom, creative individuals selectively adopted or rejected modern gadgets, tools, and machines. In standard historical narratives, globalization is portrayed as an unstoppable force that flattens all obsta…
For more than 30 years, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been revolutionizing travel, tourism, and hospitality, and as we look to the next 30 years, the change of pace does not seem to be diminishing. This open-access book provides an extensive overview of the latest developments of ICTs in the tourism and hospitality industry. Featuring papers presented at the International F…
This open access book investigates the epistemological concept of and the knowledge transfer interwoven with the moveable paper wheels found in medieval and early modern books—the so-called “volvelles.” The earliest known volvelles emerged in the mid-thirteenth century and were cut out and installed by the reader, often appearing in books dealing with astronomical subjects. The brain proc…