This open access illustrated guide focuses on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) in children and adolescents. FGM/C comprises all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or injury to the female genital organs for nonmedical reasons. It is mainly carried out during childhood, before the age of 15. The signs of FGM/C can be subtle, and the ex…
First Published in 1995. In the final decade of the twentieth century, two common themes of public debate and of academic discussion in the social sciences have concerned futures research, and the European scene in the context both of developments in the European Union and of post-Cold War changes in other parts of the continent. At the 1992 Annual Conference of the Institute of British Geograp…
This volume examines the relationship between privacy, surveillance and security, and the alleged privacy–security trade-off, focusing on the citizen’s perspective. Recent revelations of mass surveillance programmes clearly demonstrate the ever-increasing capabilities of surveillance technologies. The lack of serious reactions to these activities shows that the political will to implemen…
Municipal courts' decisions in the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice -- Enforcement of ICJ decisions in municipal courts -- Reception of decisions of the ICJ by municipal courts.
Democracy -- What were the 1850s constitutions and electoral laws? -- The ideas that formed these new Australian colonial democracies -- The Colonial leaders that fought for and opposed democracy -- Obstructive Legislative Councils (upper houses) -- New South Wales -- The 18th century colony -- Victoria -- The colony of the goldfields and Eureka stockade -- South Australia -- The democracy colo…