One of the ways meanings of words can be understood is based on their distributional properties. Such methodology offers an interesting quantitative viewpoint on the study of the lexicography of long-extinct languages. This chapter explores the use of Pointwise Mutual Information (PMI), a well-known statistical word association measure used in collocation analysis
This is truly an important goal, and as regards its mentioning of lifelong learning, this specifi c aspect of the goal is, in fact, not a new topic in the fi eld of language learning. For example, already at the beginning of the 1980s, Holec (1981) proposed the idea of learner autonomy , a concept that basically refers to the teaching of L2s in ways that make students/ learners equipped to …
"Learning by Design and Second Language Teaching establishes theoretical, research, and practice connections between the multiliteracies framework Learning by Design and L2 teaching and learning. A comprehensive introductory chapter presents the theoretical tenets of the approach and is followed by four chapters devoted to the establishment of connections between the framework and L2 instructio…
This paper argues that the integration of the multimodal and the multilingual which pre-exists modern digital media is all but haphazard. Thus their dynamics and trends that have endured and developed over the centuries call for a systematic scholarly exploration. For instance, in historical texts and contemporary social media alike preattentive engagement techniques are implemented by content …
We are now entering a new phase in the establishment of historical organization studies as a distinctive methodological paradigm within the broad field of organization studies. This book serves both as a landmark in the development of the field and as a key reference tool for researchers and students. For two decades, organization theorists have emphasized the need for more and better research …
We are now entering a new phase in the establishment of historical organization studies as a distinctive methodological paradigm within the broad field of organization studies. This book serves both as a landmark in the development of the field and as a key reference tool for researchers and students. For two decades, organization theorists have emphasized the need for more and better research …
Traditional arts practices and festivals have attracted increasing and diverse attention in the European context since policymakers discovered ‘culture’ as a resource in the 1980s (see, e.g., Kilday 1998 ). Their impact on their respective communities of practice, modes of production and exchange value in contemporary European society is under the spotlight from various angles within the ne…
The making of British bioethics
The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition and Speaking
Chapter 1 outlines the European project of identifying and constructively mobilising a singular ‘European heritage’ for social, political and collective benefit, involving the making of a ‘European heritage demos’. This is a means of collectivising a heterogeneous citizenry by creating a common historical backstory that informs an identity position amenable to cohesion and feelings of u…