This volume discusses adolescent mental health concerns in non-Western contexts and situations, ranging from common mental disorders to building life skills. It combines previous literature and empirical work on various disorders to provide a comprehensive account of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for adolescents. The volume covers a wide spectrum of conditions, ranging from anxiety to affec…
The term “stem cell” appeared in the scientifi c literature as early as 1868 in the work of the eminent German biologist Ernst Haeckel. In this work, Haeckel used the term Stammzelle (“stem cell”) to describe the ancestor unicellular organism from which he presumed all multicellular organisms evolved. Particularly, he also suggested fertilized oocytes as the source giving rise to al…
This book gives a comprehensive insight into platelet biogenesis, platelet signal transduction, involvement of platelets in disease, the use of diverse animal models for platelet research and future perspectives in regard to platelet production and gene therapy. Being written by international experts, the book is a concise state-of-the art work in the field of platelet biogenesis, biology and r…
Dr. Xueji Zhang is a Professor and the Dean at the School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing (USTB), P.R. China. He received his BSc. and Ph.D. from Wuhan University in 1989 and 1994, respectively. His postdoctoral work was completed at National Institute of Chemistry, Slovenia, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich and New Mexico State Uni…
This book provides a description of cognitive impairment in the elderly population through the lens of Thai Traditional Medicine as it is practiced in northern Thailand. It provides an overview of Thai Traditional Medicine and the memory loss presented in elderly dementia. Some medicinal plants used by traditional Thai healers to treat cognitive decline and memory issues in the elderly are revi…
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood characterized by the three core symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsiveness, and sustained inattention. While the etiology of ADHD remains unknown, several studies suggest ADHD pathophysiology to involve frontal network abnormality and dysregulation of catecholaminergic and dopaminergic func…
In this chapter we describe a clinical model for ADHD: the Mental Effort Reward Imbalances Model (MERIM). We use this model to explain some of the behaviour commonly observed in children with ADHD and to guide approaches to treatment. The MERIM views the behaviour associated with ADHD as an outcome of two unfavourable imbalances: 1.Imbalance of the level of mental effort required for achievemen…
Environmental factors in etiology of ADHD Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common developmental disorders of childhood. It was reported that it is a disease that affects 5.29% of children and adolescents in the entire world. Although ADHD is a disorder with high inheritability, genetic factors are not the only explanation to ADHD etiology. ADHD is a disorde…
This chapter aims to identify, among the dopaminergic and noradrenergic molecules strongly associated to aetiopathogenesis of the disorder, potential genetic and biochemical markers linked to ADHD diagnosis and to assess whether treatments can change peripheral levels of a biomarker, to be then useful, if tested, as a response predictor.
Although there are very effective treatment approaches for ADHD available, the clinical management has its limits and a search for new treatment modalities is useful. rTMS found its use in neurology and is widely applied in psychiatric research and although its effect seems mild, it can be specific to some extend. The text reviews current knowledge on the neurobiology of ADHD symptoms with rega…