This paper scrutinizes the insights won by recent studies in wealth inequality in pre-industrial Europe. It focuses on the regions and periods where levels of inequality were relatively low, trying to arrive at an inventory of causes of these exceptions. It discusses catastrophic events, colonization and revolution as possible causes, but argues that these only occasionally had a leveling effec…
Studies on ethnic and cultural diversity within China have progressively eroded the far too simplistic and widespread idea of the Chinese nation as a monolith. In the resulting multicultural internal context, food is definitely more than a necessity for survival and can signify the desire of a community to stabilize a fluid and multiple identity. At the same time, it can be seen also as a…
In survival analysis, time-varying covariates are endogenous when their measurements are directly related to the event status and incomplete information occur at random points during the follow-up. Consequently, the time-dependent Cox model leads to biased estimates. Joint models (JM) allow to correctly estimate these associations combining a survival and longitudinal sub-models by means of a s…
history of the Americas; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas
Hyaluronan-based hydrogels are optimal candidates when developing novel combined advanced therapy medicinal products (cATMP), tissue engineering products (TEP), and medical devices. The key physico-chemical properties of hydrogels may hinder, mediate, or stimulate therapeutic potentials borne by standardised cellular substrates in regenerative medicine. Parallel to delivery system or scaffold d…
In this chapter Fourie identifies and systematizes the impairments associated with having privilege, and evaluates their implications for theories of relational equality and distributive justice. Having certain social privileges, for example being a man in a patriarchal society, can also be damaging; in other words, there are “impairments of privilege”. Fourie delineates six kinds of impair…
In this chapter, we review knowledge gained so far on mosquitoes from An. moucheti and closely related species, as well as the An. nili complex. We highlight specific bionomical, ecological and genetic attributes that distinguish these species from the most well-known major African malaria vectors, providing opportunities for further research on neglected aspects of vector biology and control.
Urban Heritage in Divided Cities explores the role of contested urban heritage in mediating, subverting and overcoming sociopolitical conflict in divided cities. Investigating various examples of transformations of urban heritage around the world, the book analyses the spatial, social and political causes behind them, as well as the consequences for the division and reunification of cities duri…
The photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide have been widely studied over recent decades since the discovery of water photolysis by TiO2 electrodes in 1972. Titanium dioxide has three main crystal polymorphs; anatase, rutile and brookite and rutile is the most common as the metastable polymorph. Each polymorph has different band gap positions. Anatase’s band gap is 3.2 eV, higher …
Over 500 clay sealings from the Hittite Empire Period were retrieved in a LB II stratum of Area C East in the Lower Palace area (excavations seasons 2017-2021). 301 clay sealings were sealed 493 times by over 50 different seals belonging to c. 35 officials. In this paper, philological comments will be made about the officials of the relevant archive whose names and/ or titles/professions ar…