Dalam tiga kasus, temuan ini menyoroti peran manajer publik sebagai agen integrasi "berorientasi desain" dan mengarah ke area di mana penyelidikan tambahan diperlukan.
Many healthcare improvement approaches originated in manufacturing, where end users are framed as consumers. But in healthcare, greater recognition of the complexity of relationships between patients, staff, and services (beyond a provider-consumer exchange) is generating new insights and approaches to healthcare improvement informed directly by patient and staff experience.