Once treated as the absence of knowledge, ignorance today has become a highly influential topic in its own right, commanding growing attention across the natural and social sciences where a wide range of scholars have begun to explore the social life and political issues involved in the distribution and strategic use of not knowing. The field is growing fast and this handbook reflects this inte…
An Anthology of Asemic Handwriting is the first book-length publication to collect the work of a community of writers on the edges of illegibility. Asemic writing is a galaxy-sized style of writing, which is everywhere yet remains largely unknown. For human observers, asemic writing may appear as lightning from a storm, a crack in the sidewalk, or the tail of a comet. But despite these observat…
This chapter explores the rock art of the British Isles and northernmost Europe, highlighting contrasts between the regional patterns and considering some points of similarity in the effects of producing rock art. Acknowledging the difficulty with identifying a Neolithic period in northern Scandinavia, the range of Scandinavian rock art that is likely to have been made in the period c. 4000–1…
his chapter provides a brief overview of the overall structure by the Chief Editors of the Handbook of Open, Distance, and Digital Education (ODDE) published in Springer’s Major Reference Series. The handbook is organized along the lines of the 3M-Framework covering all important issues related to ODDE at the macro- (ODDE systems, theories, and methods), meso- (ODDE educational managemen…
iese Einleitung behandelt zwei grundlegende Fragen. Zunächst erörtert sie, warum es ein Handbuch zu Außenpolitik Österreichs braucht, worin also die Beweggründe für dieses Handbuch liegen und welche Ziele und Zielgruppen es erreichen soll. Danach geht die Einleitung auf die Frage ein, wie sich die Außenpolitik Österreichs wissenschaftlich durchdringen lässt. Dabei beschäftigt …
The art history of South Asia covers a time span of roughly four and a half thousand years. During this period, a vast number of animal stone sculptures has been produced, ranging from the pre-historic period till today and covering a great variety of motifs and imagery in different regions and religious traditions. Even so, the number of studies devoted to these animal sculptures has remained …
The Apple File System (APFS) has been the standard FS for Apple devices since 2017. At that time, no digital forensic tools supported it, leaving tool dependent digital or mobile forensic investigators without the ability to investigate this file system properly. The APFS was first enabled on iOS, the operating system of iPhone, and later that same year on MacOS. APFS replaced the HFS+ FS. …
This volume, The Forum of Federations Handbook on Fiscal Federalism, we consider to be an important contribution to the study of federalism. Bringing together scholars and practitioners from across the globe, it seeks to broaden and update current understandings of the state of fiscal federalism within 11 country case studies, and by so doing attempts to tease out some extrapolatory l…
This chapter provides a brief overview of the history of digital 3D reconstruction. It shows in which contexts the first research projects were undertaken and how the resulting 3D models were presented to the public. It sheds light on the institutionalization of 3D reconstruction in research at universities, presentations at conferences, and specialization of architectural companies
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (CAR-T) is a new class of medicinal products that are genetically engineered from T cells. It is expected that other forms of Immune Effector Cells-based therapies will soon reach the market, manufactured from other subsets of immune cells, and engineered through other technologies than currently used defective retroviral or lentiviral vectors. Ce…