The rationality quotient :toward a test of rational thinking

How to assess critical aspects of cognitive functioning that are not measured by IQ tests: rational thinking skills.OCLC-licensed vendor bibliographic record.

Metareasoning: Thinking about Thinking

This text offers a simple model of reasoning about reason as a framework for its discussions. Following this framework, the contributors consider meta-level control of computational activities, introspective monitoring, distributed meta-reasoning, and, putting all these aspects of meta- reasoning together.OCLC-licensed vendor bibliographic record.

Creating Scientific Concepts

An account that analyzes the dynamic reasoning processes implicated in a fundamental problem of creativity in science: how does genuine novelty emerge from existing representations?How do novel scientific concepts arise? In Creating Scientific Concepts, Nancy Nersessian seeks to answer this central but virtually unasked question in the problem of conceptual change. She argues that the popular i…

Human Reasoning and Cognitive Science

"A Bradford book.""In Human Reasoning and Cognitive Science, Keith Stenning and Michiel van Lambalgen - a cognitive scientist and a logician - argue for the indispensability of modern mathematical logic to the study of human reasoning. Logic and cognition were once closely connected, they write, but were "divorced" in the past century; the psychology of deduction went from being central to the …

Do the Right Thing: Studies in Limited Rationality

The authors argue that a new theoretical foundation for artificial intelligence can be constructed in which rationality is a property of "programs" within a finite architecture, and their behavior over time in the task environment, rather than a property of individual decisions.Like Mooki, the hero of Spike Lee's film "Do the Right Thing," artificially intelligent systems have a hard time knowi…

Cognitive Unconscious and Human Rationality

"This volume contributes to a current debate within the psychology of thought that has wide implications for our ideas about creativity, decision making, and economic behavior. The essays focus on the role of implicit, unconscious thinking in creativity and problem solving, the interaction of intuition and analytic thinking, and the relationship between communicative heuristics and thought. The…

In praise of reason / In Praise of Reason:

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1 online resource (xii, 166 pages)

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Theory and Evidence: The Development of Scientific Reasoning

A Bradford book."In Theory and Evidence Barbara Koslowski, long acknowledged for her empirical work in the field of cognitive-developmental research, brings into sharp focus the ways in which the standard literature both distorts and under-estimates the reasoning abilities of ordinary people. She provides the basis of a new research program for a more complete characterization of scientific rea…

Cognitive Carpentry: A Blueprint for How to Build a Person

A sequel to Pollock's How to Build a Person, this volume builds upon that theoretical groundwork for the implementation of rationality through artificial intelligence. Pollock argues that progress in AI has stalled because of its creators' reliance upon unformulated intuitions about rationality. Instead, he bases the OSCAR architecture upon an explicit philosophical theory of rationality, encom…

Nonmonotonic reasoning

Nonmonotonic reasoning provides formal methods that enable intelligent systems to operate adequately when faced with incomplete or changing information. In particular, it provides rigorous mechanisms for taking back conclusions that, in the presence of new information, turn out to be wrong and for deriving new, alternative conclusions instead. Nonmonotonic reasoning methods provide rigor simila…