The world steel industry is strongly based on coal/coke in ironmaking, resulting in huge carbon dioxide emissions corresponding to approximately 7% of the total anthropogenic CO2 emissions. As the world is experiencing a period of imminent threat owing to climate change, the steel industry is also facing a tremendous challenge in next decades. This themed issue makes a survey on the current sit…
In recent years, ironmaking and steelmaking have witnessed the incorporation of various new processes and technologies that can be operated and organized in different combinations depending on the properties of raw materials and the required quality of the final products. Indications from the steel industry and local and global government institutions suggest that the breakthrough technologies …
Studies have shown that the reduction of wustite is the limiting factor in the ironmaking process, whether in hydrogen-based shaft furnaces, hydrogen-rich blast furnaces or smelting reduction vessels. The study of the thermodynamic conditions for the reduction of molten wustite by hydrogen is of great significance for the optimization of the ironmaking process, energy saving and emission red…