Scarring of the glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments is a hallmark of progressive kidney disease and is considered a common pathway leading to end-stage of renal failure. Renal fibrosis involves a complex interplay between intrinsic kidney cells, leukocytes, and fibroblasts in which transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays a key role. Inhibition of TGF-β1 suppresses renal fib…